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Total 393357 Results
| Label | Description | ILX | Version | Created CID | Modified Time | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Desensitization | The process whereby the binding of a ligand to a receptor leads to the decreased effectiveness of the receptor. | ILX:0103117 | 5 | scicrunch | 06/18/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Deserpidine | Deserpidine is an ester alkaloid drug isolated from Rauwolfia canescens (family Apocynaceae) with antipsychotic and antihypertensive properties that has been used for the control of high blood pressure and for the relief of psychotic behavior. Pharmacology: Deserpidine, an alkaloid of Rauwolfia canescens, is used as an antihypertensive. Rauwolfia alkaloids work by controlling nerve impulses along certain nerve pathways. As a result, they act on the heart and blood vessels to lower blood pressure. Mechanism of action: Deserpidine binds to and inhibits the angiotensin converting enzyme. Deserpidine competes with angiotensin I for binding at the angiotensin-converting enzyme, blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Inhibition of ACE results in decreased plasma angiotensin II. As angiotensin II is a vasoconstrictor and a negative-feedback mediator for renin activity, lower concentrations result in a decrease in blood pressure and stimulation of baroreceptor reflex mechanisms, which leads to decreased vasopressor activity and to decreased aldosterone secretion. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Antihypertensive Agents | ILX:0103118 | 3 | scicrunch | 06/18/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Desflurane | Desflurane is a highly fluorinated methyl ethyl ether used for maintenance of general anaesthesia. Volatile agents such as desflurane may activate GABA channels and hyperpolarize cell membranes. In addition, they may inhibit certain calcium channels and therefore prevent release of neurotransmitters and inhibit glutamate channels. Volatile anesthetics easily partition into cellular membranes and could expand the volume of the cell membrane and subsequently distort channels necessary for sodium ion flux and the development of action potentials necessary for synaptic transmission. Desflurane preconditions human myocardium against ischemia through activation of mitochondrial K(ATP) channels, adenosine A1 receptor, and alpha and beta adrenoceptors. Pharmacology: Desflurane is a general inhalation anesthetic. It induces muscle relaxation and reduces pains sensitivity by altering tissue excitability. It does so by decreasing the extent of gap junction mediated cell-cell coupling and altering the activity of the channels that underlie the action potential. Mechanism of action: Desflurane induces a reduction in junctional conductance by decreasing gap junction channel opening times and increasing gap junction channel closing times. Desflurane also activates calcium dependent ATPase in the sarcoplasmic reticulum by increasing the fluidity of the lipid membrane. It also appears to bind the D subunit of ATP synthase and NADH dehydogenase. Desflurane also binds to the GABA receptor, the large conductance Ca2+ activated potassium channel, the glutamate receptor and the glycine receptor. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Anesthetics, Inhalation. Neuroprotective Agents | ILX:0103119 | 3 | scicrunch | 06/18/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Design-based stereology | A stereology method whose probes and sampling schemes are 'designed', that is, defined a priori, so that the methods are independent of the size, shape, spatial orientation, and spatial distribution of the geometrical features to be investigated (http://www.stereology.info/design-based-stereology/). | ILX:0103120 | 4 | scicrunch | 08/24/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | troy sincomb |
| Desipramine | A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors. (PubChem) Pharmacology: Desipramine, a tertiary amine tricyclic antidepressant, is structurally related to both the skeletal muscle relaxant cyclobenzaprine and the thioxanthene antipsychotics such as thiothixene. Desipramine is used to treat depression, pain of neuropathic origin, attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder, functional enuresis in children, panic and phobic disorder, and to manage some eating disorders. Desipramine inhibits the re-uptake of noradrenaline at the noradrenergic nerve endings and the re-uptake of serotonin (5-hydroxy tryptamine) at the serotoninergic nerve endings in the central nervous system. These two effects are considered to be the likely base of the antidepressant effect of Desipramine. The drug also has a strong anticholinergic effect and serves as an antagonist on a1 and H1 receptors. Mechanism of action: Desipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant that selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine (noradrenaline) from the neural synapse. It also appears to impair serotonin transport. Desipramine also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors. Evidence also suggests that Desiprmaine binds to and down regulates histamine and beta adrenergic receptors. Tricyclic drugs are believed to act by restoring normal levels of neurotransmitters by blocking the re-uptake of these substances from the synapse in the central nervous system. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors. Antidepressants. Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic. Enzyme Inhibitors. Norepinephrine-Reuptake Inhibitors | ILX:0103121 | 3 | scicrunch | 06/18/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Deslanoside | Deacetyllanatoside C. A cardiotonic glycoside from the leaves of Digitalis lanata. (PubChem) Pharmacology: Deslanoside is a cardiac glycoside used to treat congestive heart failure and supraventricular arrhythmias due to reentry mechanisms, and to control ventricular rate in the treatment of chronic atrial fibrillation. Mechanism of action: Deslanoside inhibits the Na-K-ATPase membrane pump, resulting in an increase in intracellular sodium and calcium concentrations. Increased intracellular concentrations of calcium may promote activation of contractile proteins (e.g., actin, myosin). Deslanoside also acts on the electrical activity of the heart, increasing the slope of phase 4 depolarization, shortening the action potential duration, and decreasing the maximal diastolic potential. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Anti-Arrhythmia Agents. Cardiotonic Agents. Enzyme Inhibitors | ILX:0103122 | 3 | scicrunch | 06/18/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Desmopressin | Desmopressin is a chemical that is similar to a hormone found naturally in your body. It increases urine concentration and decreases urine production. Desmopressin is used to prevent and control excessive thirst, urination, and dehydration caused by injury, surgery, and certain medical conditions, allowing you to sleep through the night without awakening to urinate. It is also used to treat specific types of diabetes insipidus and conditions after head injury or pituitary surgery. Pharmacology: Desmopressin is a synthetic analogue of the natural pituitary hormone 8-arginine vasopressin (ADH), an antidiuretic hormone affecting renal water conservation. Desmopressin is indicated as antidiuretic replacement therapy in the management of central diabetes insipidus and for the management of the temporary polyuria and polydipsia following head trauma or surgery in the pituitary region and is also indicated for the management of primary nocturnal enuresis. Mechanism of action: Desmopressin emulates the actions of the natural pituitary hormone 8-arginine vasopressin (ADH). Drug type: Approved. Biotech. Drug category: Antidiuretic Agents. Hemostatics. Renal Agents | ILX:0103124 | 3 | scicrunch | 06/18/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Desn neuron | ILX:0103125 | 3 | scicrunch | 06/18/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex | |
| Desogestrel | A synthetic progestational hormone used often as the progestogenic component of combined oral contraceptive agents. (PubChem) Pharmacology: Desogestrel is used as a female contraceptive. Desogestrel is a progestin or a synthetic form of the naturally occurring female sex hormone, progesterone. In a woman's normal menstrual cycle, an egg matures and is released from the ovaries (ovulation). The ovary then produces progesterone, preventing the release of further eggs and priming the lining of the womb for a possible pregnancy. If pregnancy occurs, progesterone levels in the body remain high, maintaining the womb lining. If pregnancy does not occur, progesterone levels in the body fall, resulting in a menstrual period. Desogestrel tricks the body processes into thinking that ovulation has already occurred, by maintaining high levels of the synthetic progesterone. This prevents the release of eggs from the ovaries. Mechanism of action: Binds to the progesterone and estrogen receptors. Target cells include the female reproductive tract, the mammary gland, the hypothalamus, and the pituitary. Once bound to the receptor, progestins like desogestrel will slow the frequency of release of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus and blunt the pre-ovulatory LH (luteinizing hormone) surge. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic. Progestins | ILX:0103126 | 4 | scicrunch | 08/24/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | troy sincomb |
| Desonide | A nonfluorinated corticosteroid anti-inflammatory agent used topically for dermatoses. (PubChem) Pharmacology: Desonide is a synthetic nonfluorinated corticosteroid for topical dermatologic use. The corticosteroids constitute a class of primarily synthetic steroids used topically as anti-inflammatory and antipruritic agents. Mechanism of action: Like other topical corticosteroids, desonide has anti-inflammatory, antipruritic and vasoconstrictive properties. The mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity of the topical steroids, in general, is unclear. However corticosteroids are thought to act by the induction of phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins, collectively called lipocortins. It is postulated that these proteins control the biosynthesis of potent mediators of inflammation such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes by inhibiting the release of their common precursor arachidonic acid. Arachidonic acid is released from membrane phospholipids by phospholipase A2. Drug type: Approved. Investigational. Small Molecule. Drug category: Anti-inflammatory Agents | ILX:0103127 | 3 | scicrunch | 06/18/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Desoximetasone | A topical anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in dermatoses, skin allergies, psoriasis, etc. (PubChem) Pharmacology: Like other topical corticosteroids, desoximetasone has anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, and vasoconstrictive properties. Once absorbed through the skin, topical corticosteroids are handled through pharmacokinetic pathways similar to systemically administered corticosteroids. Desoximetasone is a potent topical corticosteroid that should not be used with occlusive dressings. It is recommended that treatment should be limited to 2 consecutive weeks and therapy should be discontinued when adequate results have been achieved. Mechanism of action: The precise mechanism of the antiinflammatory activity of topical steroids in the treatment of steroid-responsive dermatoses, in general, is uncertain. However, corticosteroids are thought to act by the induction of phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins, collectively called lipocortins. It is postulated that these proteins control the biosynthesis of potent mediators of inflammation such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes by inhibiting the release of their common precursor arachidonic acid. Arachidonic acid is released from membrane phospholipids by phospholipase A2. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Anti-inflammatory Agents. Glucocorticoids | ILX:0103128 | 3 | scicrunch | 06/18/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Desoxycorticosterone Pivalate | Desoxycorticosterone Pivalate is a mineralocorticoid hormone and an analog of desoxycorticosterone. It is white, odorless, and stable in air. It is practically insoluble in water, sparingly soluble in acetone, slightly soluble in methanol, ether and vegetable oils. Federal (U.S.A.) law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian. Pharmacology: Used to treat adrenocortical insufficiency, desoxycorticosterone pivalate is a mineralocorticoid hormone and an analogue of desoxycorticosterone. It primarily acts on the metabolism of sodium, potassium and water. When the drug is given, there is decreased excretion of sodium accompanied by increased excretion of potassium; the concentration of sodium in the blood is thereby increased whereas that of potassium is decreased. There is a concomitant increase in the volume of blood and extracellular fluids, with a fall in hematocrit. It increases the rate of renal tubular absorption of sodium. Mechanism of action: Desoxycorticosterone Pivalate binds to the mineralocorticoid receptor. Mineralocorticoids are a family of steroids, secreted by the adrenal cortex, necessary for the regulation of a number of metabolic processes including electrolyte regulation. Desoxycorticosterone pivalate exerts its effect through its interaction with the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), whereby it reacts with the receptor proteins to form a steroid-receptor complex. This complex moves into the nucleus, where it binds to chromatin which results in genetic transcription of cellular DNA to messenger RNA. The steroid hormones appear to induce transcription and synthesis of specific proteins, which produce the physiological effects seen after administration. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Anti-Addison Agents. Diuretics | ILX:0103129 | 3 | scicrunch | 06/18/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Destination AE | Title of a DICOM Application Entity to which instances will be stored. | ILX:0103130 | 5 | scicrunch | 08/28/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | troy sincomb |
| Detached from | A relational attachment quality inhering ina bearer by virtue of lacking connection or association with another entity. | ILX:0103131 | 3 | scicrunch | 06/18/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Detailed neuronal model | The incorporation of real neuronal morphologies, membrane conductances, and network connectivity based on anatomical and neurophysiological data. | ILX:0103132 | 5 | scicrunch | 06/18/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Detector Activation Offset From Exposure | Offset time in mSec that the detector becomes active after the X-Ray beam is turned on during acquisition of this image. May be negative. | ILX:0103133 | 4 | scicrunch | 06/18/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Detector Active Dimensions | Dimensions in mm of the active area. If Detector Active Shape (0018,7024) is: RECTANGLE: row dimension followed by column. ROUND: diameter. HEXAGONAL: diameter of a circumscribed circle. This may be different from the Field of View Dimensions (0018,1149), and should not be assumed to describe the stored image. | ILX:0103134 | 5 | scicrunch | 08/28/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | troy sincomb |
| Detector Active Origin | Offset of the TLHC of a rectangle circumscribing the active detector area from the TLHC of a rectangle circumscribing the physical detector area, measured in physical detector pixels as a row offset followed by a column offset. | ILX:0103135 | 4 | scicrunch | 06/18/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Detector Active Shape | Shape of the active area. This may be different from the Field of View Shape (0018,1147), and should not be assumed to describe the stored image. | ILX:0103136 | 5 | scicrunch | 08/28/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | troy sincomb |
| Detector Active Time | Time in mSec that the detector is active during acquisition of this image. | ILX:0103137 | 4 | scicrunch | 06/18/2018 | scicrunch | term | 12/08/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
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